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2. The structure of the electrical drive

Different power -driven systems can constitute electric vehicles in different structures. Depending on the power -driven system, electric vehicles can be divided into 6 forms.

① The structure as shown in Figure 19-2a is developed by the fuel vehicle of the front-wheel drive of the engine. It consists of an electric motor, clutch, gearbox, and differential. The clutch is used to cut off or connects the motor to the mechanical device that transmits power between the wheels; the transmission is a gear mechanism with a different speed ratio. The driver can choose a different transmission ratio and pass the torque to the wheel. In low -end, the wheels obtain a large torque and low speed; at high speed, the wheels obtain a small torque and high speed. When the car is turning, the turning radius of the inner wheels is small, the turbopic radius of the outer wheels is large, and the differentials drive the inner and outer wheels at different speeds.

② Figure 19-2b The structure shown in Figure 19-2 is the power drive system of the motor and fixed-speed ratio and differentiality. This structure of electric vehicles use a fixed -speed reducer to remove the clutch to reduce the quality of the mechanical transmission device and reduce its volume. However, because there is no clutch and optional gear gear, the ideal torque-speed characteristics cannot be provided, so it is not suitable for use on the car.

③ The structure shown in Figure 19-2C is similar to the layout of the fuel vehicle with the engine horizontal forward and the front wheel drive. This structure is more common in small electric vehicles.

④ The dual-motor structure shown in Figure 19-2D is to use two motors to drive two wheels through fixed speed ratios. The speed of each motor can be regulated and controlled independently to facilitate the electron difference. Therefore, electric vehicles no longer need to use mechanical differentials.

⑤ Figure 19-2E The structure shows the motor in the wheels, also known as the wheel motor. It can directly connect the motor with the drive wheels and shorten the transmission path of energy. In order to reduce the speed of the motor to the ideal wheel speed, the planetary gear transmission can be used with a fixed deceleration ratio. It can provide a large deceleration ratio, and the input shaft and output shaft can be arranged on the same axis.

. The structure layout of the electric car

Take an electric car as an example to introduce the structure layout technology of pure electric cars.

The position of the main key components of pure electric cars is shown in Figure 19-3. It is mainly composed of battery ESS system assembly, driving motor and reducer assembly, motor controller, charger, charging port and other related affiliated components.

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